{"id":933,"date":"2026-06-23T22:31:14","date_gmt":"2026-06-23T14:31:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/10.10.10.101\/?p=933"},"modified":"2026-06-23T22:31:14","modified_gmt":"2026-06-23T14:31:14","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%88%b0%e9%ab%98%e6%89%8b%ef%bc%9anmap%e5%85%a8%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%8c%e8%bd%bb%e6%9d%be%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%89%ab%e6%8f%8f%e6%8a%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/?p=933","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u96f6\u5230\u9ad8\u624b\uff1aNmap\u5168\u653b\u7565\uff0c\u8f7b\u677e\u638c\u63e1\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u626b\u63cf\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nmap\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u7cbe\u901a<\/h2>\n

\u524d\u8a00\uff1a\u8ba4\u8bc6Nmap<\/h3>\n

Nmap\uff08Network Mapper\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u6838\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u81ea1997\u5e74\u7531Gordon Lyon\uff08Fyodor\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u65e8\u5728\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5f15\u9886\u8bfb\u8005\u638c\u63e1Nmap\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u65b0\u624b\u5230\u7cbe\u901a\u7684\u8de8\u8d8a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1a\u5165\u95e8\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h4>\n

Nmap\u652f\u6301Windows\u3001Linux\u3001macOS\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5feb\u901f\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo apt-get install nmap<\/code> \uff08Debian\/Ubuntu\uff09
\nsudo yum install nmap<\/code> \uff08CentOS\/RHEL\uff09
\nsudo pacman -S nmap<\/code> \uff08Arch Linux\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Windows\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u62e6\u622a\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165nmap -V<\/code>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u626b\u63cf\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n

\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u626b\u63cf\u662f\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n

nmap 192.168.1.1<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u626b\u63cf\u76ee\u6807IP\u76841000\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5e94\u9996\u5148\u7406\u89e3\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u201cPORT\u201d\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\/\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u3001\u201cSTATE\u201d\uff08\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u4e3aopen\u3001filtered\uff09\u3001\u201cSERVICE\u201d\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

22\/tcp open ssh<\/code>
\n80\/tcp open http<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff1a\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n

2.1 \u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n
    \n
  • open<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • filtered<\/strong>\uff1a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/li>\n
  • closed<\/strong>\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u672a\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u8fbe\uff08\u65e0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76d1\u542c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  • unfiltered<\/strong>\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u53ef\u8fbe\uff0c\u4f46Nmap\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728ACK\u626b\u63cf\u4e2d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2.2 \u626b\u63cf\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n
      \n
    • TCP SYN\u626b\u63cf\uff08-sS\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u534a\u5f00\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u4e14\u9690\u853d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u626b\u63cf\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n
    • TCP Connect\u626b\u63cf\uff08-sT\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u6613\u88ab\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n
    • UDP\u626b\u63cf\uff08-sU\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u63a2\u6d4bUDP\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u4f46\u5fc5\u8981\uff08\u5982DNS\u3001SNMP\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
    • Ping\u626b\u63cf\uff08-sn\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ec5\u5224\u65ad\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e0d\u626b\u63cf\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b9e\u6218\u6280\u5de7\u63d0\u5347<\/h3>\n

      3.1 \u626b\u63cf\u8303\u56f4\u63a7\u5236<\/h4>\n

      \u901a\u8fc7CIDR\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u6807\u8bb0\u6307\u5b9a\u626b\u63cf\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n

      nmap 192.168.1.1-100<\/code> \uff08\u626b\u63cf1\u81f3100\u8fd9100\u4e2aIP\uff09
      \nnmap 10.0.0.0\/24<\/code> \uff08\u626b\u63cfC\u7c7b\u5b50\u7f51\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      \u7aef\u53e3\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528-p<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n

      nmap -p 80,443,8080 target<\/code>
      \nnmap -p 1-65535 target<\/code> \uff08\u5168\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      3.2 \u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b<\/h4>\n

      \u7ed3\u5408-sV<\/code>\uff08\u7248\u672c\u63a2\u6d4b\uff09\u548c-O<\/code>\uff08\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b\uff09\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u60c5\u62a5\uff1a<\/p>\n

      nmap -sV -O target<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      \u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

      80\/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.41<\/code>
      \nAggressive OS guesses: Linux 5.x (95%)<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      3.3 \u811a\u672c\u5f15\u64ce\uff08NSE\uff09\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

      Nmap Script Engine\uff08NSE\uff09\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5343\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u7528\u4e8e\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u3001\u5408\u89c4\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff1a<\/p>\n

      nmap --script vuln target<\/code> \uff08\u5e38\u89c1\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\uff09
      \nnmap --script http-enum target<\/code> \uff08\u679a\u4e3eWeb\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      \u4f7f\u7528--script-help<\/code>\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u811a\u672c\u8be6\u60c5\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u90e8\u5206\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u6216\u89e6\u53d1\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1a\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u672f\u7cbe\u8981<\/h3>\n

      4.1 \u9690\u79d8\u626b\u63cf\u4e0e\u89c4\u907f<\/h4>\n

      \u9762\u5bf9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548cIDS\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u7a7a\u95f2\u626b\u63cf\uff08-sI\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u50f5\u5c38\u4e3b\u673a\u53cd\u5f39\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5206\u7247\u626b\u63cf\uff08-f\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5206\u6bb5\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u5305\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u968f\u673a\u5316\u987a\u5e8f\uff08–randomize-hosts\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u57fa\u4e8e\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        4.2 \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n
          \n
        • \u8c03\u6574\u65f6\u5e8f\u53c2\u6570\uff08-T0\u81f3-T5\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aT0\u6700\u6162\u4f46\u9690\u79d8\uff0cT5\u6700\u5feb\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u62a5\u8b66\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\uff08–min-hostgroup \/ –max-hostgroup\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u626b\u63cf\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u9650\u901f\uff08–scan-delay\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9UDP\u626b\u63cf\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4.3 \u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316<\/h4>\n

          \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u671f\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n

          nmap -oN result.txt target<\/code> \uff08\u6b63\u5e38\u683c\u5f0f\uff09
          \nnmap -oX result.xml target<\/code> \uff08XML\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\uff09
          \nnmap -oA result target<\/code> \uff08\u540c\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5f0f\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

          \u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u7efc\u5408\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

          \u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5185\u7f51\u6bb510.10.0.0\/24<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5206\u6b65\u5b9e\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u73b0\uff1anmap -sn 10.10.0.0\/24<\/code><\/li>\n
          2. \u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\uff1anmap -p 1-10000 10.10.0.10<\/code><\/li>\n
          3. \u670d\u52a1\u7248\u672c\u4e0eOS\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1anmap -sV -O 10.10.0.10<\/code><\/li>\n
          4. \u6df1\u5ea6\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\uff1anmap --script safe,vuln 10.10.0.10<\/code><\/li>\n
          5. \u7ed3\u679c\u5f52\u6863\uff1anmap -oA security_audit 10.10.0.10<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0e\u4f26\u7406\u8fb9\u754c<\/h3>\n

            Nmap\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u626b\u63cf\u4ed6\u4eba\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u8fdd\u6cd5\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4ec5\u5728\u81ea\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u83b7\u5f97\u4e66\u9762\u6388\u6743\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u6216CTF\u6bd4\u8d5b\u7b49\u5408\u6cd5\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u6240\u6388\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u5fa1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7528\u4e8e\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

            \u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u5230\u590d\u6742\u811a\u672c\u5e94\u7528\uff0cNmap\u7684\u638c\u63e1\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u5e8f\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u8bfb\u8005\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u642d\u5efa\u9776\u573a\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5982Metasploitable\u3001DVWA\uff09\u53cd\u590d\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u7406\u89e3\u5404\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7cbe\u901a\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u673a\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Nmap\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u7cbe\u901a \u524d\u8a00\uff1a\u8ba4\u8bc6Nmap Nmap\uff08Network Mapper\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u6838\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u81ea1997\u5e74\u7531Gordon Lyon\uff08Fyodor\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4],"tags":[3],"class_list":["post-933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python","category-dev","tag-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=933"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/933\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/htmacg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}